The Flavian Isea in Beneventum and Rome:The appropriation of Egyptian and Egyptianising Art in imperial Beneventum and Rome (2024)

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This article explores how Tacitus, writing in the era of Trajan, reshaped the memory of Egypt in the rise of the Flavian dynasty and Vespasian’s interactions with the god of the Rhakotis Hill in Alexandria. Vespasian’s visit to Egypt actualizes in full the arcanum imperii of Histories 1.4, which has been associated primarily with Galba. Serapis emerges as a uniquely significant god in Vespasian’s rise to power, as the interaction between the usurper and the god constitutes a kind of miraculous coronation of Vespasian as pharaoh and emperor. Tacitus, however, ends his aetiology of the god of the Rhakotis Hill with an identification of that deity as Dispater. This choice may have sprung from his participation as a quindecimvir in the Secular Games of A.D. 88. The historian’s representation of Egypt and Dis-Serapis in the Histories may thus be read as a reaction to Domitianic propaganda. Through his depiction of Vespasian, Egypt, and Dis-Serapis, Tacitus crafts a rich and complex historiographical contribution to the Campus Martius as a lieu de mémoire evoking Egypt’s role in the construction of Roman empire and the making of emperors.

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Kristine Bülow Clausen

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M.J. Versluys, Egypt as part of the Roman koine: Mnemohistory and the Iseum Campense in Rome, in: S. Nagel, J.F. Quack, C. Witschel (eds.), Entangled worlds. Religious confluences between East and West in the Roman Empire. (Mohr Siebeck: Tübingen) (2017) 274-293.

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The Flavian Isea in Beneventum and Rome:The appropriation of Egyptian and Egyptianising Art in imperial Beneventum and Rome (2024)
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